Human to Human Transmission of MERS / SARS-CoV
Human Coronavirus Infections—Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS),
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and SARS-CoV-2
David S. Hui, ... Alimuddin Zumla, in Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences, 2020
SARS-CoV spreads by person-to-person contact via respiratory droplets transmission or contact with fomites (Zhao et al., 2003; WHO, 2019a). A super-spreading event at the Prince of Wales Hospital (PWH) in Hong Kong resulted in 138 people, including previously healthy healthcare workers (HCWs) being infected within 2 weeks after exposure to a patient with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) admitted to a general medical ward (Lee et al., 2003). The spread of SARS from the index case to other inpatients in the same medical ward of the PWH appeared consistent with airborne transmission (Yu et al., 2005). SARS-CoV has been detected in upper and lower respiratory tract secretions, feces, urine, and tears. SARS can also spread by airborne transmission as highlighted by a major community outbreak at Amoy Gardens, a private residential complex in Hong Kong. The outbreak also extended to nearby residential areas, thought to be by airborne transmission over a distance of 200 meters(Yu et al., 2014). [b][font=Helvetica]In Toronto, Canada air samples from a SARS patient's room, and swab samples taken from room surfaces and a nurses’ station were positive by SARS-CoV PCR[/font][/b] (Booth et al., 2005).
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